Land area:88,934 sq mi (230,339 sq km);
Total area:91,699 sq mi (237,500 sq km)
Population (2008 est.): 22,215,421 (growth rate: –0.1%); birth rate: 10.5/1000; infant mortality rate: 22.9/1000; life expectancy: 72.4; density per sq mi: 250
Capital (2003 est.):Bucharest, 2,210,800 (metro. area), 1,906,800 (city proper)
Other large cities:Iasi, 320,000; Cluj-Napoca, 316,400; Timisoara, 316,100; Constanta, 309,000; Craiova, 301,100, Galati, 297,100; Brasov, 282,500
Monetary unit:lei

Current government officials
Languages:Romanian 91% (official), Hungarian 6.7%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.1%, other 1.2%
Ethnicity/race:Romanian 89.5%, Hungarian 6.6%, Roma (Gyspy) 2.5%, Ukrainian 0.3%, German 0.3%, Russian 0.2%, Turkish 0.2%, other 0.4% (2002)
Religions:Eastern Orthodox (including all sub-denominations) 86.8%, Protestant (various denominations including Reformate and Pentecostal) 7.5%, Roman Catholic 4.7%, other (mostly Muslim) and unspecified 0.9%, none 0.1% (2002 census)
Literacy rate:98% (2003 est.)

Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2007 est.): $245.5billion; per capita $11,400. Real growth rate: 6%. Inflation: 4.8%. Unemployment: 4.1%. Arable land: 39%. Agriculture: wheat, corn, barley, sugar beets, sunflower seed, potatoes, grapes; eggs, sheep. Labor force: 9.35 million (2007 est.); agriculture 31.6%, industry 30.7%, services 37.7% (2004). Industries: textiles and footwear, light machinery and auto assembly, mining, timber, construction materials, metallurgy, chemicals, food processing, petroleum refining. Natural resources: petroleum (reserves declining), timber, natural gas, coal, iron ore, salt, arable land, hydropower. Exports: $39.62 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.): textiles and footwear, metals and metal products, machinery and equipment, minerals and fuels, chemicals, agricultural products. Imports: $63.16 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.): machinery and equipment, fuels and minerals, chemicals, textile and products, basic metals, agricultural products. Major trading partners: Italy, Germany, France, Turkey, UK, Russia (2004).